• Suspecting that ACL might regulate the expression or activit

  2023-08-01

  

  Suspecting that ACL might regulate the expression or activity of myogenic transcription factors, Das knocked down MyoD and found that such intervention abolished the effect of ACL on fast MyHC expression and that, conversely, MyoD overexpression partially rescued reduced fast MyHC expression caused

• How does the ATM to ATR switch

  2023-08-01

  

  How does the ATM-to-ATR switch occur at DSBs? The progressive attenuation of ATM activation could be attributed to the loss of DNA structures that activate ATM, or to the generation of DNA structures that interfere with ATM activation. Our finding that SSOs do not directly affect the binding of puri

• Protein phosphorylation is an important posttranslational

  2023-08-01

  

  Protein phosphorylation is an important posttranslational mechanism for the regulation of distribution, trafficking, and function of modified proteins (Wang et al., 2014). GluA1 phosphorylation at S845 also has functional consequences (Lu and Roche, 2012). For instance, S845 phosphorylation drove tr

• Because ASK signaling in microglia and astrocytes is importa

  2023-08-01

  

  Because ASK1 signaling in microglia and astrocytes is important during EAE, we hypothesized that a combination therapy that targets T cells along with microglia and astrocytes would further ameliorate the severity of EAE. We tested this hypothesis by applying valproic Oxipurinol receptor (VPA)—a sh

• Despite these conflicting data about COX ER correlations

  2023-08-01

  

  Despite these conflicting data about COX-2/ER correlations, a large body of evidence supports that elevated COX-2 expression in breast cancer is a constant feature of high stage disease and a predictor of worse outcome. Upregulation of COX-2 protein has been identified in approximately 40% of cases

• Functional implications notwithstanding the intermolecular c

  2023-08-01

  

  Functional implications notwithstanding, the intermolecular contact appears to shield the Y361 side chain (Fig. 3) from being accessible for regulation by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation as has been proposed [18,19]. It is, therefore, likely that Src kinase and PTP1B phosphatase bind to an AROM mo

• br Conflicts of interest br Introduction Photodynamic Therap

  2023-08-01

  

  Conflicts of interest Introduction Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a technique used for the treatment of several malignant and non malignant diseases (Akimoto, 2016, Keyal, Bhatta, Wang, 2016, Morton, Szeimies, Sidoroff, Wennberg, Basset-Seguin, Calzavara-Pinton, Gilaberte, Hofbauer, Hunger, Kar

• In Pham et al employed the

  2023-08-01

  

  In 2014, Pham et al. [22] employed the microsphere-based technology to create a Luminex probe-based assay for the rapid identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms that are known to confer resistance to one or more echinocandins in C. glabrata. The targets for the FKS probes were generated usi

• F is an orotomide a novel class of antifungals which

  2023-08-01

  

  F901318 is an orotomide, a novel class of antifungals, which inhibits pyridine biosynthesis by blocking dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (URA1) activity [137]. Although this pathway is conserved in humans, human URA1 is only 20% identical to its fungal homolog and it is inhibited 2000-fold less effectiv

• br HIF Signaling in AA Therapy Resistance

  2023-08-01

  

  HIF-α Signaling in AA Therapy Resistance An important result emerging from Phase 3 clinical trials testing AA therapies is improvement of progression-free survival (PFS) that is not accompanied by enhanced overall survival (OS) [26]. This dichotomy has been attributed to mechanisms of acquired re

• Sorafenib was the first small RTK

  2023-08-01

  

  Sorafenib was the first small RTK inhibitor drug to be developed and was initially approved against renal cell carcinoma, then against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and more recently for differentiated thyroid treatment [111]. Sunitinib soon followed, being approved for gastrointestinal stromal tum

• In mice the Tfm mutation increased

  2023-08-01

  

  In mice, the Tfm mutation increased the anxiety-state assessed in the novel object and in light/dark box tests, whereas no changes were detected in the open field or elevated plus maze tasks (Zuloaga et al., 2008). As for Tfm rats, this seemed to be related to an increased HPA response to stress. Th

• As patients with type diabetes

  2023-08-01

  

  As patients with type 2 diabetes are known to be hyperinsulinemic per se, this relationship between insulin/IGF1 receptor and AR may point towards a causal role of insulin in AR upregulation. Indeed, this is supported by several previous observations. Beyond the already mentioned AR activation by in

• br AR signaling and urothelial

  2023-08-01

  

  AR signaling and urothelial cancer progression As shown in other types of malignancies, such as prostate cancer cells, it has been documented that androgens induce AR expression and its nuclear translocation as well as ARE promoter activity in urothelial cancer cells (Chen et al., 2003, Izumi et 

• RNA interference assays have shown that the inhibition

  2023-08-01

  

  RNA interference assays have shown that the inhibition of AMPK expression leads to increases in TNF-α, IL-6 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) levels after LPS stimulus, whereas the transfection of macrophages with a constitutively active form of AMPKα1 results in decreased LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-6 prod

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